Yearly Question & Answer Solution Guide
1. What is computer? Draw the block diagram of Computer (Jan-13,14,15)
Answer: Computer is an electronic device that is designed to work with Information. The term computer is derived from the Latin term ‘computare’, this means to calculate or programmable machine. Computer cannot do anything without a Program. It represents the decimal numbers through a string of binary digits. The Word 'Computer' usually refers to the Center Processor Unit plus Internal memory.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF COMPUTER
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2. What are the specialties/characteristics of computer (July-13,14)
Answer: Characteristics of Computer:
SPEED : In general, no human being can compete to solving the complex computation, faster than computer.
ACCURACY : Since Computer is programmed, so whatever input we give it gives result with accurately.
STORAGE : Computer can store mass storage of data with appropriate formate.
DILIGENCE : Computer can work for hours without any break and creating error.
VERSATILITY : We can use computer to perform completely different type of work at the same time.
POWER OF REMEMBERING: It can remember data for us.
NO IQ : Computer does not work without instruction.
NO FEELING : Computer does not have emotions, knowledge, experience, feeling.
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3. Write down the types of computer (July-15).
Answer: According to use:
* General purpose computer
* Special purpose computer
According to technology or work:
* Analog computer
* Digital computer
* Hybrid computer
According to size of speed
* Grid computer
* Super computer
* Mainframe computer
* Mini computer
* Micro computer
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4. Write down the elements of computer system (July-13,15).
Answer: The Five Basic Elements of Computer System Are
1. Storage
2. Arithmetic and Logical Unit
3. Control Unit
4. Input device
5. Output device
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5. What are the physical components of personal computer (Jan-13).
Answer: Physical/Basic components of personal computer are:
* Motherboard * Processor
* Memory (RAM) * Case/chassis
* Power supply * Floppy drive
* Hard disk * Keyboard
* Mouse * Video card
* Monitor (display) * Sound card
* Speakers * Modem
* CD-ROM, CD-RW, or DVD-ROM drive
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6. Write down the types of Digital computer (Jan-13).
Answer: There are four types of digital computer:
a). Micro computers;
b). Mini computers;
c). Main frame computers;
d). Super computers;
Micro computer:
In which the various integrated circuits and elements of a computer are replaced by single integrated circuit called a “chip”. Examples are the IBM pc, Apple Macintoshes, Dell.
Mini computers:
Physically small computers compared with mainframes. They are used for special purpose or smaller scale general purpose work. Example are DEC’S, VAX, RANGE.
Mainframes computers:
Large general purpose computes with extensive processing, storage and input/ output capabilities. The market for these computers is dominated by IBM.
Super computers:
A large and very powerful mainframe computer is called a supercomputer. The Cray X-MP is an example of supercomputer. Such supercomputers are applied to the solution of very complex and sophisticated scientific problem and for national security purposes of some advance nations.
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7. Who is the father of computer? (Jan-13, 14)
Answer: Charles Babbage was considered to be the father of computing after his invention and concept of the Analytical Engine in 1837. The Analytical Engine contained an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), basic flow control, and integrated memory; hailed as the first general-purpose computer concept.
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8. Define IT? Write some disadvantage of IT. (July-13, Jan-15)
Answer: IT stands for ‘Information Technology’ and it is pronounced so “IT”. It refers to anything related to computer technology, such as networking, hardware, software, the internet and the people that work with these technologies.
Disadvantages of IT:
* Wastage time & Energy: Use in negative purpose, play game, chatting, for long time at Facebook, Twitter etc.
* Unsecure of date.
* Cybercrime: black hat hacking, bang account hacking, web hacking etc.
* Privacy unprotected and
* Health risk.
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9. Write some advantages and disadvantages of IT. (Jan-13, July-14 & 15)
Answer:
* Improved communication – advanced communication technology tools;
* Easy access to information – at anytime and anywhere;
* Improved housing and lifestyle – most of the items that we have in our homes today are automated.
* Improved entertainment - we have more video games now, good music to listen and visual systems like smart TV's;
* Social Networking – great improvement for individuals and businesses;
* Convenience in education – online and mobile education;
* Convenience of traveling – very important in our lives and in the business world;
* Changed the health industry – modern technology in hospitals, reducing the mistakes made by doctors and evolving the patients treatments;
* Efficiency and productivity – helping businesses increasing production, saving time and money in the industry;
* Encourages innovation and creativity – it is very easy to start a job today (while at home).
Disadvantages of IT:
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Job loss – replacing humans;
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World destruction weapons – increasing endless wars;
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Increased loneliness – social isolation;
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Competency – increased dependency on modern tools that reduces our creativity and intelligence.
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10. Short Note of ICT or What is ICT (Jan13, July-14,15)
Answer: Information and communications technology (ICT) is an umbrella term that includes any communication device or application, encompassing: radio, television, cellular phones, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems and so on, as well as the various services and applications . Modern ICT made world as a “Global Village”, in which people communication with others across the world as their next door.
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11. Write down the uses of computer in medical sector (Jan-13 14, 15, July13, 15)
Answer:
* Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT or CT) * Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
* Functional MRI (fMRI) * Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
* Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) * Magneto encephalography (MEG)
* Medical records * Medical billing
* Medical alerts * Diagnosis of disease
* Update of medical term * Storage of history
* Online meeting with doctor * Helpful for global treatment
* Medical security.
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12. Write some name of computerized machine use in medical sector (Jan-14, July-14)
Answer: a) X-ray machine b) CT scan machine
c) Operating machine d) Clinical test machine
e) Biological test machine f) Laparoscopic surgeries
g) Administration machine h) Accounting machine
i) Appointment machine j) High tech, surgical machine.
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13. What is data? Write the different types of data. (jan-14.15)
Answer: Data is the record of the outcome of observation or measurements or a group of individual. OR’ ’Data is a smallest element of an information which used to processing.” It is also called now material data processing e.g. dates times, ID etc.
#Types of Date:
1. Text data.
2. Numeric dada.
3. Currency data.
4. Data/time data.
5. Memo data.
6. Auto number data.
7. Logical data.
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14. Define Data, Information and Database (July-13,14)
Answer: “Data is the record of the outcome of observation or measurements or a group of individual or “Data is a smallest element of an information which used to processing” It is also called now material of data processing e.g. dates, times, ID etc.
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15. What is Bit and Byte? 2 Byte=? Bit. (July-14)
Answer: Bit: A bit (short for "binary digit") is the smallest unit of measurement used to quantify computer data. It contains a single binary value of 0 or 1.
Byte: A byte is a unit of measurement used to measure data. One byte contains eight binary bits, or a series of eight zeros and ones.
2 byte = 16 bit.
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